The Yekatit 12 monument is a striking memorial located within the roundabout of Sidist Kilo Square, also known as 'Yekatit 12 Square', in Addis Ababa. It stands as a reminder of the Yekatit 12 pogrom, an Italian war crime that occurred in February 1937. The monument itself is a 28-metre-tall white stone obelisk, inaugurated by Emperor Haile Selassie on 2 November 1944.

Since 1955, the lower part of the obelisk features bronze reliefs depicting scenes from the pogrom and other war crimes. These sculptural groups were created by Yugoslav artists Antun Augustinčić and Frano Kršinić. Above these reliefs, a frieze of the Lion of Judah, symbolising both Emperor Haile Selassie and Ethiopia until 1991, adorns one side of the monument.

The memorial's inauguration took place on 14 December 1955 during Yugoslav President Josip Broz Tito's official visit to Ethiopia. Since then, laying a wreath at the foot of the obelisk has become an annual commemorative practice, traditionally performed by significant figures such as the Mayor of Addis Ababa and more recently, the President of Ethiopia.

The monument is also referred to as 'Monument to the Victims of Fascism' or 'Monument to the Martyrs', reflecting its sombre purpose. The bronze sculptures were conceptualised after Emperor Haile Selassie's meeting with sculptor Antun Augustinčić, who later collaborated with Frano Kršinić on this project.