The Nairobi Railway Museum, situated next to Nairobi's main railway station, showcases artefacts from the disbanded East African Railways. Opened in 1971 by the East African Railways and Harbours Corporation, it is now run by Kenya Railways. The museum retains its rail link for moving exhibits for maintenance and display purposes.

Among its collection are three operational steam locomotives, which visitors can view upon request. One of these, numbered 301 (2301), featured in the film 'Out of Africa' in 1985. The museum also holds early diesel engines and passenger carriages.

A miniature railway was installed at the museum in January 2011 to increase visitor engagement. This train, formerly used for promotional purposes by Kenya Railways, includes a petrol-powered engine and several wooden coaches.